Scroll | Petrographic Atlas | SIU

Home
Southern Illinois University

CONTACT

SIU.EDU

Crelling's Petrographic Atlas of Coals and Carbons

College of Science

Scroll

Frame ID: M01

m01

Frame ID: M01

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Isotropic coke texture

High Resolution Image (300 dpi)

Description: The red isotropic area is coke cell wall material and the dark circular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Isotropic O µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 7 or lower.

Frame ID: M02

m02

Frame ID: M02

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: Blue (80 daylight)

Important Features: Isotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple isotropic area is coke cell wall material and the dark lenticular features are mineral matter. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Isotropic O µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 7 or lower.

Frame ID: M03

m03

Frame ID: M03

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Incipient coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Incipient 0-0.5 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 8.

Frame ID: M04

m04

Frame ID: M04

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: Blue (80 daylight)

Important Features: Incipient coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas at the top left are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Incipient 0- 0.5 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 8.

Frame ID: M05

m05

Frame ID: M05

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Fine circular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas are vesicles. At the top right of the frame there is an isotropic inert fragment. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 0.5-1.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 9.

Frame ID: M06

m06

Frame ID: M06

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: Blue (80 daylight)

Important Features: Fine circular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas at the lower left are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 0.5-1.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 9.

Frame ID: M07

m07

Frame ID: M07

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Medium circular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 1.0-1.5 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 10.

Frame ID: M08

m08

Frame ID: M08

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: (80 daylight)

Important Features: Medium circular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 1.0-1.5 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 10.

Frame ID: M09

m09

Frame ID: M09

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Coarse circular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas at top right and lower left are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 1.5-2.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 11.

Frame ID: M10

m10

Frame ID: M10

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: (80 daylight)

Important Features: Coarse circular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material. The dark isotropic fragment with cell structure at the lower center is a fusinite maceral that appears unaltered by the coking process. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular ...read full profile >>

Frame ID: M11

m11

Frame ID: M11

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Fine lenticular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. An inertinite fragment is seen at the right center part of the frame. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Lenticular Anisotropic 1.0-3.0 ...read full profile >>

Frame ID: M12

m12

Frame ID: M12

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: (80 daylight)

Important Features: Fine lenticular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material. Small brownish isotropic inertinite particles are also present. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 1.0-3.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 12.

Frame ID: M13

m13

Frame ID: M13

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Medium lenticular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The red and yellow speckled areas are cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Lenticular Anisotropic 3.0-8.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 13.

Frame ID: M14

m14

Frame ID: M14

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: (80 daylight)

Important Features: Medium lenticular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material. The isotropic area to the right of center is an inertinite fragment. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the medium Lenticular Anisotropic 3.0-8.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 13.

Frame ID: M15

m15

Frame ID: M15

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Coarse lenticular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Lenticular Anisotropic 8.0-12.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 14.

Frame ID: M16

m16

Frame ID: M16

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: (80 daylight)

Important Features: Coarse lenticular anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Lenticular Anisotropic 8.0-12.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 14.a

Frame ID: M17

m17

Frame ID: M17

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Fine ribbon anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The red and yellow speckled areas are cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Ribbon Anisotropic 2.0-12.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of low volatile bituminous coals of V type 15.

Frame ID: M18

m18

Frame ID: M18

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: (80 daylight)

Important Features: Fine ribbon anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Ribbon Anisotropic 2.0-12.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 15.

Frame ID: M19

m19

Frame ID: M19

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Medium ribbon anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The red and yellow speckled areas are cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Ribbon Anisotropic 12.0-25.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of low volatile bituminous coals of V type 16.

Frame ID: M20

m20

Frame ID: M20

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: (80 daylight)

Important Features: Medium ribbon anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 12.0-25.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of low volatile bituminous coals of V type 16.

Frame ID: M21

m21

Frame ID: M21

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Coarse ribbon anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The red and yellow areas are cell wall material and the dark lenticular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Ribbon Anisotropic +25.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of low volatile bituminous coals of V types 17-19.

Frame ID: M22

m22

Frame ID: M22

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: (80 daylight)

Important Features: Coarse ribbon anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The purple and green areas are cell wall material and the dark lenticular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Ribbon Anisotropic +25.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of low volatile bituminous coals of V types 17-19.

Frame ID: M23

m23

Frame ID: M23

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Extra coarse ribbon anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: Note the parallel flow texture in the coke cell wall material and the lack of vesicles. Only linear fractures are seen. This type of structure is typical of cokes formed under very high pressures from high rank coking coals.

Frame ID: M24

m24

Frame ID: M24

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: (80 daylight)

Important Features: Coarse ribbon anisotropic coke texture

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: Note the very coarse ribbon anisotropic units and the lack of vesicles. Only linear fractures are seen. This type of structure is typical of cokes formed under very high pressures from high rank coking coals.

Frame ID: M25

m25

Frame ID: M25

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Coarse-grained organic inert material

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The pink isotropic material is derived from fusinite macerals that did not react in the coking process. The cell structure seen in the fusinite is original plant structure.

Frame ID: M26

m26

Frame ID: M26

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Medium-grained organic inert material

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The pink isotropic material is derived from detrital inertinite macerals that did not react in the coking process. The broken cell structure of these particles is derived from original plant structure.

Frame ID: M27

m27

Frame ID: M27

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Fine-grained organic inert material

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The pink isotropic material is derived from micrinite and other inertinite macerals that did not react in the coking process.

Frame ID: M28

m28

Frame ID: M28

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Dull coal/bright coal interface

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The particle on the right, derived from bright coal, shows well developed mosaic texture and vesicles. The particle on the left, derived from dull coal, features abundant organic inerts, poorly developed vesicles, and original bedding. These features suggest that it never became as fluid ...read full profile >>

Frame ID: M29

m29

Frame ID: M29

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Inclusion of bone coal

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The black streaks across the center of the frame are mineral matter from a particle of bone coal. Note the finer mosaic size around this area.

Frame ID: M30

m30

Frame ID: M30

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Pyrite inclusion

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The center of the frame is filled with pyrite that has survived the coking process. Note the finer mosaic size around the pyrite.

Frame ID: M31

m31

Frame ID: M31

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Pyrite inclusion

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The bright area in the upper left part of the frame is pyrite. Note the reaction zone and reduced mosaic size around it.

Frame ID: M32

m32

Frame ID: M32

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Inclusion of coke breeze

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The particle on the left is a fragment of recycled coke. Note the pyrolytic carbon around the coke vesicle segments.

Frame ID: M33

m33

Frame ID: M33

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Inclusion of coke breeze

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The large particle in the center of the frame is coke breeze. Note the pyrolytic carbon coating the vesicle edges.

Frame ID: M34

m34

Frame ID: M34

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Inclusion of anthracite

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The brownish particle in the upper center part of the frame is an anthracite inclusion. Notice how the large crack in the coke is stopped at the anthracite boundary.

Frame ID: M35

m35

Frame ID: M35

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Inclusion of anthracite

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The large particle at the center right of the frame is anthracite. Note the poor bonding between the anthracite and the coke.

Frame ID: M36

m36

Frame ID: M36

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Inclusion of petroleum coke

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The large particle at the top of the frame is a petroleum coke inclusion. Notice the large texture and parallel flow structure of the petroleum coke.

Frame ID: M37

m37

Frame ID: M37

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Pyrolytic carbon on vesicle walls

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The rims of the vesicles are covered with a thick coating of pyrolytic carbon. Note the distinctive extinction pattern of the pyrolytic carbon.

Frame ID: M38

m38

Frame ID: M38

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Roof carbon

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The concentric nature and spoke-like extinction pattern are characteristic of carbon deposited on the coke oven roof - roof carbon.

Frame ID: M39

m39

Frame ID: M39

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Burnt (oxidized) coke

High Res image (300 dpi)

Description: The particle at the top of the frame has been burnt when the coke was pushed from the coke oven.

Frame ID: M40

m40

Frame ID: M40

Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke

Magnification: As given

Illuminator: Vertical

Objective: 50x oil

Polarizer: In

Analyzer: In

Retarder Plate: In

Filter: None

Important Features: Green coke

High Res image (300 dpi)