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Frame ID: M01
Frame ID: M01
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Isotropic coke texture
Description: The red isotropic area is coke cell wall material and the dark circular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Isotropic O µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 7 or lower.
Frame ID: M02
Frame ID: M02
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: Blue (80 daylight)
Important Features: Isotropic coke texture
Description: The purple isotropic area is coke cell wall material and the dark lenticular features are mineral matter. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Isotropic O µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 7 or lower.
Frame ID: M03
Frame ID: M03
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Incipient coke texture
Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Incipient 0-0.5 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 8.
Frame ID: M04
Frame ID: M04
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: Blue (80 daylight)
Important Features: Incipient coke texture
Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas at the top left are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Incipient 0- 0.5 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 8.
Frame ID: M05
Frame ID: M05
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Fine circular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas are vesicles. At the top right of the frame there is an isotropic inert fragment. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 0.5-1.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 9.
Frame ID: M06
Frame ID: M06
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: Blue (80 daylight)
Important Features: Fine circular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas at the lower left are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 0.5-1.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of high volatile bituminous coals of V type 9.
Frame ID: M07
Frame ID: M07
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Medium circular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 1.0-1.5 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 10.
Frame ID: M08
Frame ID: M08
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: (80 daylight)
Important Features: Medium circular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 1.0-1.5 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 10.
Frame ID: M09
Frame ID: M09
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Coarse circular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark circular areas at top right and lower left are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 1.5-2.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 11.
Frame ID: M10
Frame ID: M10
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: (80 daylight)
Important Features: Coarse circular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material. The dark isotropic fragment with cell structure at the lower center is a fusinite maceral that appears unaltered by the coking process. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular ...read full profile >>
Frame ID: M11
Frame ID: M11
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Fine lenticular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. An inertinite fragment is seen at the right center part of the frame. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Lenticular Anisotropic 1.0-3.0 ...read full profile >>
Frame ID: M12
Frame ID: M12
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: (80 daylight)
Important Features: Fine lenticular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material. Small brownish isotropic inertinite particles are also present. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 1.0-3.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 12.
Frame ID: M13
Frame ID: M13
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Medium lenticular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The red and yellow speckled areas are cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Lenticular Anisotropic 3.0-8.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 13.
Frame ID: M14
Frame ID: M14
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: (80 daylight)
Important Features: Medium lenticular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material. The isotropic area to the right of center is an inertinite fragment. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the medium Lenticular Anisotropic 3.0-8.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 13.
Frame ID: M15
Frame ID: M15
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Coarse lenticular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The red and yellow speckled area is cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Lenticular Anisotropic 8.0-12.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 14.
Frame ID: M16
Frame ID: M16
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: (80 daylight)
Important Features: Coarse lenticular anisotropic coke texture
Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Lenticular Anisotropic 8.0-12.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 14.a
Frame ID: M17
Frame ID: M17
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Fine ribbon anisotropic coke texture
Description: The red and yellow speckled areas are cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Ribbon Anisotropic 2.0-12.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of low volatile bituminous coals of V type 15.
Frame ID: M18
Frame ID: M18
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: (80 daylight)
Important Features: Fine ribbon anisotropic coke texture
Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Ribbon Anisotropic 2.0-12.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of medium volatile bituminous coals of V type 15.
Frame ID: M19
Frame ID: M19
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Medium ribbon anisotropic coke texture
Description: The red and yellow speckled areas are cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Ribbon Anisotropic 12.0-25.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of low volatile bituminous coals of V type 16.
Frame ID: M20
Frame ID: M20
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: (80 daylight)
Important Features: Medium ribbon anisotropic coke texture
Description: The purple and green speckled area is cell wall material and the dark areas around the margins are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Circular Anisotropic 12.0-25.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of low volatile bituminous coals of V type 16.
Frame ID: M21
Frame ID: M21
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Coarse ribbon anisotropic coke texture
Description: The red and yellow areas are cell wall material and the dark lenticular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Ribbon Anisotropic +25.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of low volatile bituminous coals of V types 17-19.
Frame ID: M22
Frame ID: M22
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: (80 daylight)
Important Features: Coarse ribbon anisotropic coke texture
Description: The purple and green areas are cell wall material and the dark lenticular areas are vesicles. In the ASTM/U.S. Steel Carbon Form Classification this sample falls into the Ribbon Anisotropic +25.0 µ group. This type of carbon form is typical of low volatile bituminous coals of V types 17-19.
Frame ID: M23
Frame ID: M23
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Extra coarse ribbon anisotropic coke texture
Description: Note the parallel flow texture in the coke cell wall material and the lack of vesicles. Only linear fractures are seen. This type of structure is typical of cokes formed under very high pressures from high rank coking coals.
Frame ID: M24
Frame ID: M24
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: (80 daylight)
Important Features: Coarse ribbon anisotropic coke texture
Description: Note the very coarse ribbon anisotropic units and the lack of vesicles. Only linear fractures are seen. This type of structure is typical of cokes formed under very high pressures from high rank coking coals.
Frame ID: M25
Frame ID: M25
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Coarse-grained organic inert material
Description: The pink isotropic material is derived from fusinite macerals that did not react in the coking process. The cell structure seen in the fusinite is original plant structure.
Frame ID: M26
Frame ID: M26
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Medium-grained organic inert material
Description: The pink isotropic material is derived from detrital inertinite macerals that did not react in the coking process. The broken cell structure of these particles is derived from original plant structure.
Frame ID: M27
Frame ID: M27
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Fine-grained organic inert material
Description: The pink isotropic material is derived from micrinite and other inertinite macerals that did not react in the coking process.
Frame ID: M28
Frame ID: M28
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Dull coal/bright coal interface
Description: The particle on the right, derived from bright coal, shows well developed mosaic texture and vesicles. The particle on the left, derived from dull coal, features abundant organic inerts, poorly developed vesicles, and original bedding. These features suggest that it never became as fluid ...read full profile >>
Frame ID: M29
Frame ID: M29
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Inclusion of bone coal
Description: The black streaks across the center of the frame are mineral matter from a particle of bone coal. Note the finer mosaic size around this area.
Frame ID: M30
Frame ID: M30
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Pyrite inclusion
Description: The center of the frame is filled with pyrite that has survived the coking process. Note the finer mosaic size around the pyrite.
Frame ID: M31
Frame ID: M31
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Pyrite inclusion
Description: The bright area in the upper left part of the frame is pyrite. Note the reaction zone and reduced mosaic size around it.
Frame ID: M32
Frame ID: M32
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Inclusion of coke breeze
Description: The particle on the left is a fragment of recycled coke. Note the pyrolytic carbon around the coke vesicle segments.
Frame ID: M33
Frame ID: M33
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Inclusion of coke breeze
Description: The large particle in the center of the frame is coke breeze. Note the pyrolytic carbon coating the vesicle edges.
Frame ID: M34
Frame ID: M34
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Inclusion of anthracite
Description: The brownish particle in the upper center part of the frame is an anthracite inclusion. Notice how the large crack in the coke is stopped at the anthracite boundary.
Frame ID: M35
Frame ID: M35
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Inclusion of anthracite
Description: The large particle at the center right of the frame is anthracite. Note the poor bonding between the anthracite and the coke.
Frame ID: M36
Frame ID: M36
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Inclusion of petroleum coke
Description: The large particle at the top of the frame is a petroleum coke inclusion. Notice the large texture and parallel flow structure of the petroleum coke.
Frame ID: M37
Frame ID: M37
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Pyrolytic carbon on vesicle walls
Description: The rims of the vesicles are covered with a thick coating of pyrolytic carbon. Note the distinctive extinction pattern of the pyrolytic carbon.
Frame ID: M38
Frame ID: M38
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Roof carbon
Description: The concentric nature and spoke-like extinction pattern are characteristic of carbon deposited on the coke oven roof - roof carbon.
Frame ID: M39
Frame ID: M39
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Burnt (oxidized) coke
Description: The particle at the top of the frame has been burnt when the coke was pushed from the coke oven.
Frame ID: M40
Frame ID: M40
Sample ID: Metallurgical Coke
Magnification: As given
Illuminator: Vertical
Objective: 50x oil
Polarizer: In
Analyzer: In
Retarder Plate: In
Filter: None
Important Features: Green coke